Do you have sharp or burning pain in your heel when you first get up in the morning or after sitting in a chair for long time? If the answer is yes, you may have a common problem known as plantar fasciitis (fa-she-EYE-tiss).  It is caused by inflammation or irritation of the plantar fascia, a strong fibrous ligament that connects the heel to the toes on the sole of the foot.

Plantar fasciitis is more commonly seen in women, those who are overweight, runners, and people who stand or walk for long periods on hard surfaces. Also, if you a have high arch or are flatfooted, you are more prone to plantar fasciitis.

The treatment for this condition begins with rest. Keeping weight off the foot until the inflammation subsides is an effective treatment. A cast is effective in helping “rest” the plantar fascia. Other treatments include icing the painful area for 15- 20 minutes several times a day, and the use of anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen or naprosyn. Nearly all people with plantar fasciitis have a tight Achilles tendon (heel cord). This puts excess stress on the plantar fascia ligament. A diligent exercise program aimed at stretching the Achilles tendon (see figs. right and above) and plantar fascia will help decrease pain and prevent recurrence. Be patient, recovery can take several weeks or even months.

About 90 percent of people with plantar fasciitis will get better after 2-3 months of treatment. If symptoms persist, you doctor may recommend an injection of steroid medication into the plantar fascia. Heel pads or orthotics can be placed in your shoe to decrease stress on the painful area. A special splint that is worn at night may also be prescribed. Without treatment, plantar fasciitis can become a chronic condition. You may develop changes in the way you walk, which can cause knee, hip, and back problems.

In rare cases, surgery is recommended. This usually consists of releasing the plantar fascia, removing bone spurs, and releasing tight tissues surrounding the ligament.